B O C S   F o r d i t o                    http://BOCS.HU
= = = = = = = = = = = =

                    - - -   58. szam   - - -  (III. evf. 1998 aug. 18.)

                              TARTALOM   (24 ezer leutes)

E szamunk a Mindenki nyer! (Egyuttmukodes-jatekok es -tevekenysegek) c.
konyv eloszavat hozza, benne az utmutatot a jatekokhoz, es az elso jatekot
a most indulo rendszeres rovatunkban.

Erre a konyvre es a jatekokra NEM vonatkozik a Bocs Fordito anyagainak
szokasos kozlesi szabadsaga!

1. Sambhava es Josette Luvmour: Mindenki nyer!
Egyuttmukodes-jatekok es -tevekenysegek

Nagy bajok voltak az iskola jatszoteren. Az eroszak jelen volt szinte
minden nap, az elsos es masodikos gyerekek tobbsege pedig klikkekbe
tomorult... Az Egyuttmukodes-jatekok es -tevekenysegek onmagukban nem
lettek volna elegendoek, de ezek alkottak a kritikus tenyezot. Nemcsak
megteremtettek a talalkozashoz szukseges kozos teret mindenki szamara, de
segitsegukkel tudtuk lemerni a tobbi altalunk alkalmazott
konfliktusmegoldo gyakorlat hatekonysagat is. A jatekok tehat mind
diagnosztikai mind gyogyito celt is szolgaltak...

2. Kornyezeti neveles: Kornyezetunk muhelyeben. Kreativan a termeszetert
es a termeszettel

B O C S   F o r d i t o                    http://BOCS.HU
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                    - - -   57. szam   - - -  (III. evf. 1998 aug. 13.)

                              TARTALOM   (23 ezer leutes)

4. reszevel befejezzuk a Megszentelt szexualitas c. fejezet kozleset. A
teljes szoveg a http://bocs.hu webhelyen megtalalhato. (Mivel tobb mint
ezer szoveg van fenn, erdemes hasznalni a kereses funkciot, beirva pl. a
szerzo - Dolores LaChapelle - nevenek egyik szavat.) Erre az anyagra nem
vonatkozik a Bocs Fordito impresszumaban szereplo kozlesi szabadsag!

Egy kis elorejelzes: hamarosan uj allando rovatot nyitunk, megkezdjuk az
Everyone wins (Mindenki gyoz) c. jatekgyujtemenybol egyuttmukodo (tehat
nem versengo) jatekok ismerteteset!

1. Megszentelt szexualitas (4., befejezo resz)

"Az emberiseg utolso haromezer eve egy kirandulas az idealokba,
testetlensegbe es tragediaba, es most a kirandulasnak vege... Vissza kell
talalnunk a kapcsolathoz, elenk es taplalo kapcsolathoz a kozmosszal... Az
ut a naponkenti ritualen, az ujraebredesen at vezet. Ujra gyakorolnunk
kell a hajnal, a del, a napszallat ritusat, a tuzgyujtas es a vizontes
ritusat, az elso es az utolso lelegzet ritusat... Vissza kell ternunk 'a
tudasra az egyuttlet jegyeben, amelyben a test, a szex, az erzelmek, a
szenvedelyek egyutt leteznek a folddel es a nappal es a csillagokkal." (D.
H. Lawrence)

2. Kornyezeti neveles: Nykanen, Riitta: Kornyezet es iskola

SENDING AIR CONDITIONERS TO TEXAS, AND OTHER VICIOUS CYCLES

When President Clinton announced that he was sending $100 million so Texans
suffering from the heat could buy air conditioners, one of my Dartmouth
colleagues turned the news into a classroom quiz.  What's wrong with this
policy?

It was an environmental studies class, so I hope the students got it right.  A
good answer would have been something like this.  The unusual heat wave may
well be related to global warming.  Global warming is caused largely by fossil
fuel use.  More air conditioners means more electricity use, which means, to
the extent that Texas power plants burn oil, gas, or coal, the president's
"solution" to the heat problem will make future heat problems worse.

Extra credit for pointing out that air conditioners don't make heat go away;
they just pump it from indoors to outdoors, worsening the "heat island" that
forms around every city.  The more air conditioners, the hotter it gets for
neighbors who then feel the need for air conditioners.  This local vicious
cycle turns much faster than the global climate one.

Extra extra credit for suggesting better ways to relieve the people in the hot
cities.  Light-colored paving and rooftops instead of black, to reflect rather
than absorb energy.  Money for insulation, so houses can be cooled with lower
electricity bills.  Serious controls on vehicle efficiency, especially sports
utility vehicles and pickups, which emit far more greenhouse gas for far less
real benefit than do air conditioners.

The students probably would not add that last point, because, as any quick
survey of fraternity parking lots quickly reveals, most of them drive sports
utility vehicles.

Some of our students feel bad about that.  Several of them, on their own
initiative, have written papers for me on the topic: "Should an Environmental
Studies Student Drive an SUV?"  I've learned a lot from these papers.

The first thing I learned is why students have high-priced vehicles that
assistant professors can't afford.  Their loving parents provide them, often
accompanied, my informants tell me, by gas charge-cards, because students can't
afford to keep gas-guzzlers filled up.

Why would a parent who wants to endow a child with motorized mobility choose a
two-plus-ton car with a 15-minus-mpg habit?  Safety.  My informants are
unanimous on that point, though they also mention that SUVs are cool and what
everyone else has and they wouldn't be caught dead in a normal-size car.

So I send them to research the safety of SUVs.  They come back sobered.  Not
only, they find, are SUVs poorly designed for safety, liable to tip, not very
crashworthy, but they are a special menace to regular cars, which they tend to
hit, given their height and mass, in a way that avoids the frame and crushes
the passengers.

If I were into turning perverse cycles, I would drive a Mack truck to protect
myself from SUVs.  My added greenhouse gas emissions would then cause the
beleaguered citizens of Texas to buy still more air conditioners.  These
tactics, mine and theirs, would work until people start buying military tanks
to protect themselves from Mack trucks and industrial-size chillers to fend off
the waste heat from everyone else's air conditioners.

What I really want to do, when confronted with vicious cycles like these is to
say, hey folks, why don't we stop turning them?

There are so many.  Every time we have a problem that keeps getting worse no
matter what we do about it, we probably are earnestly, in the most well-meaning
way, doing something that makes the problem worse.

The rising tide of accidental or maniacal or adolescent shootings is clearly
connected to the perverse logic of carrying bigger and better and more guns to
protect ourselves against guns.

When fishing fleets overfish and decimate fish populations and start losing
money, we subsidize them so they can go out and catch still more fish, reducing
the populations and raising their costs further, so they will need still more
subsidy.  (The world's fisheries sell $80 billion worth of fish each year,
which cost $100 billion to catch.  Subsidies keep this craziness going, and the
subsidies grow as the fish decline.)

The credit card banks spent $3.6 million last year to lobby for a law
disallowing personal bankruptcies caused by credit-card debt.  Meanwhile the
banks send out 3.2 billion card come-ons a year, about one a month for every
man, woman, and child of us.  They target low- and moderate-income households. 
The default rate has climbed from 3 percent of outstanding debt in 1994 to 5.6
percent now, which is why the interest rate is so high, which is why more
people get in over their heads, which is why the banks keep seeking more
cardholders to replace the ones who have maxed themselves out.

Cities and towns encourage development to raise the tax base to lower local
taxes, but, as you may have noticed, local taxes rarely get lower, no matter
how much development occurs.  That's because additional houses, and often
businesses too, cost more in schools and roads and garbage pickups and water
and snowplowing and police and sewage treatment than they pay in taxes.

I just thought of a great final exam question for our students.  Name three
vicious-cycle policies you see in practice around you.  For each of them
suggest three alternative policies that could pour water rather than fuel on
the fire.

(Donella H. Meadows is an adjunct professor of environmental studies at
Dartmouth College.)

Kedves Levelezotarsak,

en is LAIKUSOK szeles taborahoz tartozom.
Azert iratkoztam fel ehhez a listahoz, mert azt remeltem, hogy a kovetkezokrol
lehet itt beszelgetni:

Helyi is az egesz foldre (globalis) kiterjedo kornyezeti karosodasok.

Kornyezetvedelmi lehetosegek.

Mit teszunk MI a kozvetlen kornyezetunk megovasaert.

Kulturalt, nem szemelyeskedo vita. 

Peldamutatas, hasznos kezdemenyezesek ismertetese.


Sajnos a levelek olvasasakor ezen szempontok kozul csak kevessel talalkoztam.

> ------------------------------------------------------------------

Mostanaban mar szerencsere mind tobbet beszelunk kornyezetunk folyamatos
karosodasarol, ellenben meg mindig nagyon keveset teszunk a vedelmezesere.

Mint sok mas dolgot, ezt is csak az anyagiak oldalarol tudjuk szemlelni.
Pedig nem csak penz kerdese a kornyezet vedelme, hanem a mentalitasnak,
gondolkozasmodnak kell alapvetoen megvaltoznia. 

De amig ez megtortenik, a kornyezet karositoit kellene megtalalni, s ugy
megbuntetni oket, hogy elmenjen a kedvuk ettol a tevekenysegtol.
 
A legnagyobb felelosseg az oktatasra harul. A fiatalok meg nevelhetok, 
fogekonyak, ha sajat jovojukrol van szo.

Udv.    8-)	  Safar Nagy Peter